Body mass index (BMI) tells you whether your body weight is appropriate for your height. Due to its ease of measurement and calculation, it is widely used diagnostic tool to identify weight problems within a population.
Saturday, November 19, 2011
Body fluid volume calculator
Body fluid volume calculator help to find the total body fluids in a person based on gender and weight.
Body Fat Percentage
Body fat is produced in the body through the absorption of fats present in the food consumed. Although excess body fat content can have severe problems, the body requires a specific content of body fat for various metabolic and structural functions. This calculator demonstrates your body fat percentage.
Alcoholic Calorie Counter
alcoholic calorie counter helps you to estimate the calories in alcoholic beverages. This calculator will display alcoholic content in grams and aldehyde with that particular beverage
First aid for Sprain
A Sprain is injury caused to the ligament. Usually swelling, redness and pain is accompanied in the area of sprain. Here are a few first aid measurements for sprain:
• Make sure the joint is well protected and is not allowed to hang.
• Give rest to the injured area. But don’t go for a bed rest.
• Try to do some activity without affecting the injured part. This will help to keep up the cardiovascular conditioning.
• Apply ice on affected area for 20 mins, for 4 times a day, for 3 days. This will decrease the swelling.
• Cover the area with elastic wrap or bandage. Elastic or neoprene wraps are best.
• To decrease the swelling keep the injured area above heart.
First aid for Animal bites
Animal bites can be minor or deep. But it is best to make sure always that there is no infection. Preventing it from further spreading is also important.
• If the bite does not break the skin then there must not be any problem of infection like rabies. Just clean the area with antiseptic, apply an antibiotic lotion and put a clean bandage.
• If there is bleeding in bitten area or there is any deep cuts or swelling or redness or pain, it is best to consult doctor as there is danger of infection like rabies.
• Apply pressure on the wound and try to stop bleeding.
Rabies can be a potent danger caused usually due to dog, cat, fox or bat bites. If the animal is an immunized and domestic then the risk factor is highly reduced. But still the risk factor towards rabies also depends as to when the animal was immunized.
First aid for Chest pain
Chest pain can be due to various conditions like indigestion to heart attack.
• Call hospital for immediate medical assistance. If the access to such medical assistance is not there then ask your friend or neighbor to drive you to the hospital. Try to avoid driving, keep as the last option when no one is around.
• You can chew a regular strength aspirin. Aspirin will help to slow the blood clotting, which otherwise may lead to heart attack. Consult with your doctor before hand on taking aspirin.
• If you have a heart attack and in case your doctor has previously prescribed nitroglycerin take it as directed. Do not use your friend medication or OTC medication.
• If the person becomes unconscious begin cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). In case
First aid for Burns
Minor burn:
Burns involving only the outer skin layer, in areas like hands, feet, buttocks in not more than 3 inches is considered as a First degree burn. If the area of burn exceeds 3 inches and the second layer of skin i.e., the dermis is also found affected, then it is called a Second degree burn.
Here are a few first aid measurements for first degree burns:
• The burned area must be cooled by keeping it under cool running water for 20 mins or dip the burned area in cool water (not ice cold).
• Do not apply ice on any condition as it may further cause damage to the wounds.
• Cover the burned area with a gauze bandage loosely.
• Do not use cotton or ant fluffy material to cover the wounds as this may get into the wounds.
• Do not apply ointments in wound since it may cause infection.
• If there is too much of pain taking Aspirin or Advil will settle it. While using it for children or people who have just now recovered from chickenpox or measles or any viral disease, it is best to take doctors opinion.
Major burn:
The third degree burn is when all the skin layers are damaged. The area looks black or may look dry and white.
Here are a few first aid measurements for the third degree burns:
• Cover the burned area with sterile bandage or moist towel or cloth.
• The burned area must be placed above the heart level if possible.
• Do not apply cold water in severely burned area as this may cause a decrease in body temperature, blood pressure and circulation.
• Try to remove the burning clothes not the burnt clothes, to make sure he/she is not in contact with heat or smoke.
Hepatitis A Vaccine
Hepatitis A vaccine is an inactivated virus vaccine. Hepatitis A vaccine is very effective that all adults, adolescents, and children become immune to HAV infection after getting two doses the vaccine is administered as an injection through intra muscular route of the upper arm for adults and older children and in the thigh muscle of toddlers. It is given as two doses. The second dose is given no sooner than six months after the first dose.
Recommended age of administration:
• First dose at 2yeras and second dose at 2 and half years.
Individuals with following conditions should not receive Hepatitis vaccine:
• People who already had a serious allergic reaction to hepatitis A vaccine in the past.
• People with moderate or severe acute illness should wait to receive hepatitis A vaccine until their condition has improved.
Small Pox Vaccine
This vaccine helps the body develop immunity to smallpox. The vaccine is made from a virus called vaccinia which is a “pox”-type virus related to smallpox,it is a live vaccine.
The vaccine is given using a bifurcated (two-pronged) needle that is dipped into the vaccine solution. The vaccine usually is given in the upper arm and it is given for children of 1 year age.
Rabies Vaccine
This vaccine is an inactivated viral vaccine. The vaccine is given in the deltoid muscle as a series of 3-5 shots. A vaccinated person should receive two more doses of rabies vaccine, one dose immediately and one three days later. This is proven very safe to be used in pregnant women.
Rabies vaccine is recommended for-
• It is recommended for veterinarians, animal handlers, certain laboratory workers and persons in high-risk occupational groups.
• Persons who are in frequent contact with rabid bats, raccoons, skunks, cats, dogs, or other species at risk for having rabies.
• International travelers who are likely to come in contact with animals in areas where dog rabies is common.
Polio Vaccine
The polio vaccine reduces the infection rate towards polio in the public. There are two types of polio vaccines available, the oral polio vaccine (OPV) and the inactivated polio vaccine (IPV).
Oral polio vaccine (OPV):
Oral polio vaccine (OPV) is a live-attenuated vaccine. OPV is developed from weekend live polio germs. It is administered through oral route as drops in the mouth that are swallowed.
Oral polio vaccine (OPV):
Oral polio vaccine (OPV) is a live-attenuated vaccine. OPV is developed from weekend live polio germs. It is administered through oral route as drops in the mouth that are swallowed.
Recommended age of administration:
The usual schedule for infants is a series of six doses it is given at the time of birth, 6 weeks after birth, 10 weeks after birth, 14 weeks after birth, 6months, and 9 months. And first booster dose is given at 18months and second booster at 5years.
Inactivated polio vaccine (IPV):
Inactivated polio vaccine (IPV):
This vaccine is prepared from dead polio germs. It is administered through intra venal route or intra muscular route. Depending on the person’s age, the shot may be given into the leg or arm. IPV is the polio vaccine recommended in most of the common wealth countries. It can be given at the same time as other vaccines. The inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV) is usually given at ages 6 weeks, 10weeks and 14 weeks if opv is not given.
Heart and Circulation » Heart Attack
Heart attack occurs when the supply of blood and oxygen to an area on the heart muscle is blocked, usually by a clot in the coronary artery. Heart attack is the leading cause of death for both men and women worldwide. However, if the indications are recognized early and proper medications are given, the person’s life can be saved to a large extent.
The indications for a heart attack include:
• Pain or discomfort in the center of the chest that can last for more than few minutes.
• The chest discomfort may come and go and can have a feeling of uncomfortable pressure, squeezing, fullness or pain.
• Discomfort in the other areas of the upper body which may include one or both arms, the back, neck, jaw or the stomach.
• Sudden weekness followed with sweating and fainting.
• Shortness of breath
• Cold
• Nausea
• Lightheadness
Digestive organs and metabolism » Acidity
Acidity is a very common metabolic problem affecting the stomach. Acidity leads to the increased production of acid (hydrochloric acid) in the stomach.
The indications of acidity include:
• Heartburn, burning chest pain behind sternum for a longer period
• Gas formation and pain in the stomach
• Dyspepsia and abdominal pain
• Formation of ulcer in the esophagus and stomach
• Vomiting tendency, coughing and reluctance for food in case of children
Dermatology » Acne
Acne is a common skin disease characterized affecting 90% of all people at some time of their life and is most common during the teenage years. Commonly referred to as pimples.
The indications of acne include:
• Papules
• Pustules
• Blackheads
• Whiteheads or milia
• Nodules
• Cysts
• Redness, swelling
• Irritation, itching of the skin
• Oozing or scabbing of the lesions
Central nervous system and Brain » Depression
A depression is group of symptoms that reflects a sad and/or irritable mood exceeding normal sadness and grief.
The following indicators for depression count when they last for more than 2 weeks:
• Hopelessness- unrelenting sad, anxious or ‘empty’ mood
• Insomnia, interrupted sleep or sleeping too much
• Reduced appetite and/or weight loss; increased appetite or weight gain.
• Loss of interest in ones favorite activities
• Inability to find interest in new activities or hobbies/relationship.
• Edginess or irritability
• Feeling of disorientedness
• Difficulty concentrating and remembering
• Feeling of guilt and worthlessness
• Suicidal thoughts.
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